Evening News 1 September 2018 Hindi/English/Marathi-Current Affairs
इवनिंग न्यूज़ 1 सप्टेंबर 2018 हिंदी/ इंग्लिश/मराठी_करंट अफेयर्स
Hindi | हिंदी
प्रधान मंत्री ने इंडिया पोस्ट पेमेंट्स बैंक लॉन्च किया
English| इंग्लिश
Prime Minister launches India Post Payments Bank
- Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched India Post Payments Bank (IPPB) on 31 Aug.
- The main purpose is to financial inclusion.
- The IPPB will have 650 branches and 3,250 access points across the country.
- All the 1.55 lakh post offices across the country will be linked to the IPPB system by December 31, 2018
- The IPPB will offer a range of products such as savings and current accounts, money transfer, direct benefit transfers, bill and utility payments, and enterprise and merchant payments.
- IPPB
- In September 2014, a task force was formed by Prime Minister Narendra Modi which aimed to study ways in which the existing postal network could be leveraged. The task force was headed by T. S. R. Subramanian.
- On 28 February 2015, during the presentation of the Budget, it was announced that India Post will use its large network to run a payments bank.
- What is Payment Bank?
- Initially, Nachiket Mor committee recommended establishing Payment Bank for financial inclusion in the rural areas.
- These are somewhat similar to a regular bank but can perform only limited functions and provide some of the normal banking functions only.
- They can accept deposit upto a maximum of Rs.1 lakh only.
- They pay interest on your deposited amount at the specified rate.
- Payment banks can issue debit cards/ATM cards.
- They are not allowed to issue credit cards.
Fourth International Ayurveda Congress to be held at Netherlands
- Fourth International Ayurveda Congress (IAvC) at Netherlands from 1 to 4 September 2018.
- It is jointly organized by International Maharishi Ayurveda Foundation, Netherlands; All India Ayurvedic Congress, New Delhi and the International Academy of Ayurveda, Pune in association with the Indian Embassy in the Netherlands.
- The congress would focus on promotion and propagation of Ayurveda in Netherlands and its neighboring countries of Europe.
IWAI Makes India’s First Standardised Modern Ship Design for Ganga a Reality
- Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI) made public 13 standardised state-of-the-art ship designs suitable for large barge haulage on river Ganga (National Waterway-1).
- This marks attaining a critical milestone in the growth of the country’s Inland Water Transport (IWT) sector.
- It will serve as an enabler for domestic shipbuilding industry working on inland vessels and open huge possibilities for cargo and passenger movement on National Waterway-1.
- The Government is implementing Jal Marg Vikas Project (JMVP) for capacity augmentation of navigation on NW-1 (Varanasi-Haldia stretch) at a cost of Rs 5369.18 crore with the technical assistance and investment support of the World Bank.
GDP growth accelerates to 8.2% in Q1 of 2018-19
- GDP or gross domestic product grew 8.2 per cent in the April-June period, according to Central Statistics Office (CSO).
- It marked the highest level of economic growth recorded since the January-March period in 2016, and cemented India's position as the fastest growing major economy ahead of China's 6.7 per cent.
- Manufacturing, electricity and gas registered growth of over 7 per cent during the period.
- Agriculture also grew at a robust 5.3% in the June quarter against 3% during the same quarter a year ago.
- Service sector slowed to grow at 7.3% in the June quarter from 9.5% a year-ago.
- Government expenditure, which has been supporting growth, also decelerated to grow at 9.9% from 13.5% during same period a year ago.
- In an update to its World Economic Outlook released in July, the International Monetary Fund trimmed India’s growth projection for 2018-19 by 10 basis points to 7.3%, citing negative effects of higher crude oil prices on domestic demand and faster-than-anticipated monetary policy tightening because of higher-than expected inflation.
India, Nepal ink MoU for survey of key rail link
- India and Nepal on 31 Aug signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) to conduct a survey for the Raxaul-Kathmandu rail link.
- Konkan Railway Corporation will conduct the survey for the electrified railway line in consultation with the Nepal government.
- During the state visit of Nepalese PM Oli to India in April 2018, both sides had agreed to expand railway connection from Indian border town of Raxaul in Bihar to Kathmandu in a period of five years.
- Nepal and China have also agreed to prepare a detailed project report for a rail link between Kerung in Tibet and Kathmandu.
- India has been racing to match China’s plans to improve road and rail connectivity with Nepal.
- Indian PM Narendra Modi was in Kathmandu to attend the BIMSTEC conference.
Law Commission floats Consultation Paper on Family Law Reforms
- The Indian Law Commission has floated Consultation Paper on Family Law Reform.
- A number of changes have been suggested in the form of potential amendments and fresh enactments.
- Suggestions made by Law Commission
- The paper discusses the introduction of new grounds for no-fault divorce accompanied by corresponding changes to provisions on alimony and maintenance.
- Under the Hindu law, it discusses problems with provisions such as restitution of conjugal rights.
- Under the Muslim law, the paper suggests reform in inheritance law through codification of Muslim law on inheritance, while ensuring that the codified law is gender just.
- The paper also suggests expansion of the juvenile law to make it into a robust secular law that can be accessed by individuals of all communities for adoption.
NCLT clears way for mega merger of Vodafone India and Idea Cellular
- The mega merger of Vodafone India and Idea Cellular has been cleared by National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT).
- It will pave the way for the creation of India's largest telecom operator worth over 23 billion US dollar with a 35 per cent market share.
- After merger, the current market leader Bharti Airtel will be dislodged from the 1st position.
- The government had approved on 26th July the merger of Vodafone India and Idea after the two firms provided for over 7,248 crore rupees as one-time spectrum charge.
Uniform Civil Code is undesirable, unnecessary: Law commission
- Law Commission has rejected the Uniform Civil Code for all communities in the paper submiited to Central government.
- The Commission said law should focus on laws that are discriminatory rather than providing a uniform civil code which is neither necessary nor desirable at this stage.
- The Uniform Civil Code (UCC) in India proposes to replace the personal laws based on the scriptures and customs of each major religious community in the country with a common set governing every citizen.
- The constitution has a provision for Uniform Civil Code in Article 44 as a Directive Principle of State Policy (Part IVA) which states that “The State shall endeavor to secure for the citizens a uniform civil code throughout the territory of India.”
- In the modern era, a secular democratic republic should have a common civil and personal laws for its citizens irrespective of their religion, class, caste, gender etc.
- It is commonly observed that personal laws of almost all religions are discriminatory towards women. Men are usually granted upper preferential status in matters of succession and inheritance.
- Uniform civil code will bring both men and women at par.
- All Indian citizens are already equal before the court of law as the criminal laws and other civil laws (except personal laws) are same for all.
- With the implementation of Uniform Civil Code, all citizen will share the same set of personal laws.
- There will be no scope of politicization of issues of the discrimination or concessions or special privileges enjoyed by a particular community on the basis of their particular religious personal laws.
- Existing personal laws are mainly based on the upper-class patriarchal notions of the society in all religions. The demand of UCC is normally made by aggrieved women as a substitute for existing personal laws as patriarchal orthodox people still deem the reforms in personal laws will destroy their sanctity and oppose it profusely.
- It is practically tough to come up with a common and uniform set of rules for personal issues like marriage due to tremendous cultural diversity India across the religions, sects, castes, states etc.
- Many communities, particularly minority communities perceive Uniform Civil Code as an encroachment on their rights to religious freedom.
- They fear that a common code will neglect their traditions and impose rules which will be mainly dictated and influenced by the majority religious communities.
- The constitution provides for the right to freedom of religion of one’s choice. With codification of uniform rules and its compulsion, the scope of the freedom of religion will be reduced.
- Considering a major opposition from Muslim community in India over this issue overlapping with controversies over beef, saffronization of school and college curriculum, love jihad, and the silence emanating from the top leadership on these controversies, there needs to be given sufficient time for instilling confidence in the community.
- Otherwise, these efforts towards common will be counterproductive leaving minority class particularly Muslims more insecure and vulnerable to get attracted towards fundamentalist and extremist ideologies.
Centre prepares Eco-tourism Policy in forest and wildlife areas
- Central government has prepared a policy for Eco-tourism in forest and wildlife areas, which will provide livelihood opportunities for the local communities.
- This will also educate visitors and enhance their understanding of nature.
- The policy seeks to encourage homestead-based hospitality enterprises for enhancing local livelihood, which includes small-scale entrepreneurs and operators like souvenir shops and equipment for hiring for photography.
- Eco-tourism will be developed in wildlife conservation areas designated as Protected Areas (PAs) and will include wildlife sanctuaries, national parks, conservation reserves and community reserves, as well as in areas outside designated Protected Areas, including forests, mangroves, sacred groves, mud flats, wetlands and rivers.
- The policy also recommends State/Union Territory to have an Eco-Tourism Development Board to advise the State/UT on the modalities of eco-tourism and to oversee the implementation of the policy.
Delhi high court suspends government’s ban on oxytocin
- Delhi High Court has suspended for a month the ban imposed by Central government on private companies from manufacturing and selling of hormone drug oxytocin.
- The high court has stayed the ban till October.
- Oxytocin is a neurotransmitter and a hormone that is produced in the hypothalamus.
- Stored oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone in posterior lobe are released when they receive nerve impulses from Hypothalamus
- From there, it is transported to and secreted by the pituitary gland, at the base of the brain.
- It plays a role in the female reproductive functions, from sexual activity to childbirth and breast feeding.
- It is also used to help abort the foetus in cases of incomplete abortion or miscarriage, and to control bleeding after childbirth. It may be used for breast engorgement.
- However, it is also used widely in the dairy industry, agriculture and horticulture to boost production.
- Authorities are also concerned at reported misuse of the growth booster among trafficked children, injected to accelerate puberty among girls.
Marathi | मराठी
राष्ट्रीय
IWAIच्या स्वदेशी संरचनेच्या मानकीकृत आधुनिक नौका- भारतीय अंतर्देशीय जलमार्ग प्राधिकरण (IWAI)ने प्रथमच भारताच्या गंगा नदीच्या (राष्ट्रीय जलमार्ग-1) मोठ्या पात्रासाठी अनुरूप अश्या 13 स्वदेशी मानकीकृत आधुनिक नौकांच्या संरचना प्रसिद्ध केल्या आहेत.
- या नौकांची संरचना भारतातच तयार केली गेली असून त्यामुळे देशांतर्गत जहाज बांधणीच्या क्षेत्राला चालना मिळणार. या नौका NW-1 (वाराणसी- हल्दिया) या मार्गावर चालतील.
- भारतीय अंतर्देशीय जलमार्ग प्राधिकरण (IWAI) जलवाहतुक मंत्रालयाच्या अखत्यारीत असलेली वैधानिक संस्था आहे, जे देशातल्या जलमार्गांच्या व्यवस्थापनाची जबाबदारी सांभाळते. याची स्थापना 27 ऑक्टोबर 1986 रोजी करण्यात आली आणि याचे मुख्यालय उत्तर प्रदेशाच्या नोएडा शहरात आहे.
- भारतीय विधी आयोगाने कुटुंब कायद्यांमध्ये दुरूस्ती सुचविणारे सल्लापत्र प्रसिद्ध केले आहे. यात संभाव्य दुरुस्त्यांसोबतच नवीन कायदे सुचविण्यात आले आहेत.
- शिफारशी -
- पोटगी व देखभाल संबंधी तरतुदींमध्ये बदल करण्यासाठी चुकीच्या घटस्फोटासंदर्भात नवीन पार्श्वभूमीबाबत माहिती देण्यात आली आहे.
- हिंदू कायद्याच्या अंतर्गत, वैवाहिक हक्कांचे पुनर्वसनासारख्या तरतुदींसह समस्यांशी चर्चा करते.
- मुस्लिम कायद्यानुसार, वारसा कायद्यामध्ये दुरूस्ती करण्यासाठी केवळ लिंगनिर्देशित आहे हे सुनिश्चित करीत आहे.
- सर्व समुदायांकडून अवलंबण्यासाठी एक सशक्त धर्मनिरपेक्ष कायदा तयार करण्यासाठी किशोरवयीन कायद्याचा विस्तार करणे.
- सर्व समुदायांसाठी ‘एकसमान नागरी कायदा’ (Uniform Civil Code) अवांछित, अनावश्यक असून केंद्रीय विधी आयोगाने या प्रस्तावाला नकार दिला आहे.
- भारतात एकसमान नागरी कायदा (UCC) प्रत्येक नागरीकाला समान प्रशासनाने देशभरातील प्रत्येक प्रमुख धार्मिक समुदायाच्या ग्रंथ आणि प्रथांवर आधारित वैयक्तिक कायदे बदलण्याचा प्रस्ताव मांडत आहे. राज्य धोरणाचे एक मार्गदर्शक तत्त्व म्हणून भारताच्या राज्यघटनेत अनुच्छेद 44 मध्ये एकसमान नागरी कायद्याची तरतूद आहे, जे असे म्हणते की, "राज्य संपूर्ण भारतभर एकसमान नागरी कायद्याखाली नागरिकांना सुरक्षित करण्यासाठी प्रयत्न करणार."
- केंद्र सरकारने वन आणि वन्यजीव क्षेत्रात पर्यावरणास अनुकल पर्यटनासाठी एक धोरण तयार केले आहे.
- देशातील समुदायांसाठी रोजगाराच्या संधी उपलब्ध करून देण्यास हे धोरण महत्त्वाचे ठरणार आहे. याच्या माध्यमातून पर्यटकांना शिक्षण दिले जाणार आणि निसर्गाविषयी त्यांच्या समज वाढवली जाईल. या धोरणामधून संरक्षित क्षेत्र (PA) म्हणून निश्चित केलेल्या वन्यजीवन संवर्धन क्षेत्रांमध्ये पर्यटन क्षेत्राचा विकास केला जाणार.
- • केंद्र सरकारद्वारे ऑक्सीटोसिनचे उत्पादन आणि विक्री करण्यापासून खाजगी कंपन्यांवर घातलेल्या बंदीच्या निर्णयाला दिल्ली उच्च न्यायालयाने एक महिन्यासाठी स्थगिती दिली आहे. म्हणजेच ही स्थगिती ऑक्टोबर महिन्यांपर्यंत लागू आहे.
- आरोग्य व कुटुंब कल्याण मंत्रालयाने 1 ऑक्टोबर 2018 पासून देशांतर्गत वापरासाठी ऑक्सिटोसिन फॉर्म्युलेशनच्या उत्पादनावर बंदी घातली होती. तसेच ऑक्सिटोसिन आणि त्याच्या स्वरूपाच्या आयातीवरही बंदी होती. 1 जुलै 2018 पासून खाजगी निर्मात्यांना देशांतर्गत वापरासाठी औषध तयार करण्याची अनुमती दिली गेली नाही. फक्त कर्नाटक अँटिबायोटिक्स अँड फार्मास्युटिकल्स लि. (KAPL) या PSU कंपनीला या औषधांचे उत्पादन घेता आले. तसेच ऑक्सिटोसिन कोणत्याही स्वरूपात किंवा नावाने किरकोळ केमिस्टद्वारा विकले जात नाही आहे.
- ऑक्सिटोसिन (किंवा पाइटोसिन, सिन्टोसाइनॉन) हा एक सस्तन प्राण्यासंबंधी हार्मोन आहे, ज्याला पेप्टाइड हार्मोनही म्हणतात. हा भाज्यांचा आकार वाढविण्याकरिता वापरला जात असल्याने, याचे प्रकृतीवर दुष्परिणाम दिसून येत आहेत.
आंतरराष्ट्रीय
नेदरलँडमध्ये चौथी ‘आंतरराष्ट्रीय आयुर्वेद परिषद’ आयोजित- 1-4 सप्टेंबर 2018 या कालावधीत नेदरलँडमध्ये चौथी ‘आंतरराष्ट्रीय आयुर्वेद परिषद’ (International Ayurveda Congress -IAvC) भरविण्यात आली आहे.
- या परिषदेचे आयोजन नेदरलँडमधील भारतीय दूतावासाच्या सहकार्याने इंटरनॅशनल महर्षी आयुर्वेद फाउंडेशन (नेदरलँड), ऑल इंडिया आयुर्वेदिक कॉंग्रेस (नवी दिल्ली) आणि इंटरनॅशनल अकॅडेमी ऑफ आयुर्वेद (पुणे) यांनी संयुक्तपणे केले आहे.
- रक्सौल-काठमांडू रेल्वेमार्गाचे सर्व्हेक्षण करण्यासाठी भारत आणि नेपाळ यांच्यात एक सामंजस्य करार झाला आहे.
- बिहार राज्याच्या रक्सौल आणि नेपाळची राजधानी काठमांडू यांच्या दरम्यान विद्युत रेल्वेमार्गाचे सर्व्हेक्षण ‘कोकण रेल्वे महामंडळ’ करणार आहे.
अर्थव्यवस्था आणि बँकिंग
इंडिया पोस्ट पेमेंट्स बँकेचा शुभारंभ- पंतप्रधान नरेंद्र मोदी यांच्या हस्ते 31 ऑगस्ट 2018 रोजी ‘इंडिया पोस्ट पेमेंट्स बँक’ (IPPB) याचे उद्घाटन करण्यात आले आहे.
- देशभरात IPPBच्या 650 शाखा आणि 3,250 केंद्रे उघडल्या जाणार आहेत. देशभरातल्या सर्व 1.55 लक्ष टपाल कार्यालये 31 डिसेंबर 2018 पर्यंत IPPBच्या यंत्रनेशी जोडली जातील.
- इंडिया पोस्ट पेमेंट्स बँक (IPPB) – भारतामध्ये ‘पेमेंट बँक’ ही नवी बँक सेवा सुरू करण्यात आली आहे, ज्यात 1 लाख रुपयांपर्यंतच्या ठेवीचा व्यवहार केला जाऊ शकतो. IPPB ही टपाल खात्याअंतर्गत चालवली जाणारी 100% समर्थित सरकारी सार्वजनिक क्षेत्रातील कंपनी आहे. 17 ऑगस्ट 2016 पासून याच्या कार्याला सुरुवात झाली. IPPB ची पहिली शाखा 30 जानेवारी 2017 रोजी रायपूर आणि रांची येथे सुरू करण्यात आली.
- RBI च्या नचिकेत मोर यांच्या अध्यक्षतेखालील लघु व्यवसाय आणि अल्प उत्पन्न कुटुंब यांच्यासाठी सर्वसमावेशक वित्तीय सेवा समितीच्या शिफारसीनुसार, पेमेंट बँक ही एक नवीन श्रेणी स्थापण्यात आली. त्यामधून 19 ऑगस्ट 2015 रोजी RBI ने 11 कंपन्यांना पेमेंट बँक सुरू करण्यासाठी "तत्त्वताः" परवाने दिले होते.
- केंद्रीय सांख्यिकी कार्यालयाच्या (CSO) आकडेवारीनुसार, भारताचा GDP (सकल देशांतर्गत उत्पन्न) वित्त वर्ष 2018-19च्या पहिल्या तिमाहीत (एप्रिल-जून) 8.2%ने वाढले आहे.
- चीनच्या 6.7% एवढ्या विकास दराच्या तुलनेत भारताचा विकास दर अत्याधिक आहे. निर्माण, वीज आणि वायू उद्योग क्षेत्रांनी 7%, कृषी 5.3%, सेवा 7.3% असा विकास दर दाखवला आहे. सरकारी खर्चात गेल्या वर्षीच्या (पूर्वी 13.5%) तुलनेत 9.9% इतकाच वृद्धीदर होता.
- दूरसंचार क्षेत्रात सर्वात मोठ्या विलीनीकरणासाठी व्होडाफोन इंडिया आणि आयडिया सेल्युलर यांच्या विलीनीकरणास राष्ट्रीय कंपनी कायदा न्यायाधीकरणाने (NCLT) मंजूरी दिली आहे.
- $23 अब्जपेक्षा अधिक मूल्य असलेल्या या विलीनीकरणामुळे नव्या कंपनीचा बाजारपेठेत 35% हिस्सा असेल.
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